Microadenoma

A microadenoma is a very small, noncancerous tumor that develops in the pituitary gland – a pea-sized organ behind the nose that regulates growth, development, metabolism and reproduction.

There are two kinds of microadenomas: functioning (which produce hormones) and nonfunctioning (which do not produce hormones).

A microadenoma is a pituitary adenoma (tumor) that is smaller than 10 mm. Pituitary adenomas that are 10 mm or larger are called macroadenomas.

Microadenomas can cause complications, including:

• Blindness
• Weakened bones (osteoporosis)
• High blood pressure
• Cardiovascular disease
• Kidney stones
• Hormone deficiencies
• Diabetes

Symptoms

Microadenoma symptoms may include:

• Dizziness
• Headaches
• Nausea or vomiting
• Fatigue
• Restlessness
• Change in hair growth
• Menstrual or breast changes
• Vision changes

Diagnosis

First, you’ll meet with your doctor for a physical exam and to discuss your symptoms. Next, your doctor may order one or more of the following tests:

• Blood and urine tests to measure hormone and blood sugar levels
• An MRI or CT scan to help locate the tumor
• Inferior petrosal sinus sampling, in which small tubes are guided through the veins to collect a blood sample from the pituitary gland

Services

If you’ve got a microadenoma, your expert neurosurgical team will work with you to find the best treatment. Treatments may include:

• The Expanded Endonasal Approach (EEA), a minimally invasive procedure in which the tumor is removed through the nasal passages, resulting in no incisions, a shorter hospital stay and faster recovery
• Stereotactic radiosurgery using CyberKnife^® technology, in which a noninvasive, robotic system delivers high radiation therapy to tumors with pinpoint accuracy
• Medications to manage hormone levels